Spark and Arc Emission Sources
Introduction
Spark and arc excitation
sources use a current pulse (spark) or a continuous electical discharge
(arc) between two electrodes to vaporize and excite analyte atoms. The
electrodes are either metal or graphite. If the sample to be analyzed is
a metal, it can be used as one electrode. Non-conducting samples are ground
with graphite powder and placed into a cup-shaped lower electrode. Arc
and spark sources can be used to excite atoms for atomic-emission
spectroscopy or to ionize atoms for mass
spectrometry. Arc and spark excitation sources have been replaced in
many applications with plasma or laser sources, but are still widely used
in the metals industry.
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