Molecular Energy Levels
Introduction
The bonding of atoms to form molecules or solids changes the orbitals that
electrons can occupy, and therefore also changes the energies of the electrons.
Bonded atoms also can vibrate and the vibrations will have quantized energy
states. Molecules in the gas phase or in solution can rotate, which just
like vibrations will have definite rotational energy states.
Examples:
Ground state of a diatomic molecule
Fluorescence from a molecular excited state
Jablonski diagram showing molecular relaxation
pathways
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